Ground Orchids: Tips for Growing and Carings

By John Rawling Gardening 0 Comments

Introduction

Ground orchids are stunning, perennial plants that bring beauty and elegance to any garden. With their striking, colorful flowers and lush foliage, they are a fantastic addition to landscapes and containers alike. Known for their ability to thrive in a variety of conditions, they are relatively low-maintenance and highly rewarding to grow. If you’re looking to add an exotic touch to your garden or home, this guide will help you understand the essential aspects of ground orchid care, from planting to maintenance, and how to maximize their beauty year-round.

Often referred to as Spathoglottis plicata, are part of the larger orchid family, but they differ from traditional orchids due to their unique ability to grow directly in the ground. Native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, ground orchids are highly prized for their ease of cultivation and vibrant flowers. Unlike their epiphytic relatives, these thrive in soil rather than hanging from trees, which makes them perfect for gardeners looking for a hardy, yet exotic, plant to incorporate into their landscapes.

These plants can grow in both tropical and temperate climates, and they come in a variety of colors ranging from deep purples to vibrant pinks, yellows, and whites. Known for their resilience and adaptability, ground orchids can tolerate a range of soil types and growing conditions. Whether you’re planting them in your garden beds, using them as ground cover, or placing them in containers, ground orchids provide a stunning visual display and offer a delightful fragrance to your outdoor space.

Varieties of Ground Orchids

Ground orchids come in many varieties, with some being better suited for particular climates and uses than others. While Spathoglottis plicata is the most well-known, here are a few other varieties to consider:

Spathoglottis plicata (Common Ground Orchid): This is the most commonly grown variety, known for its colorful flowers, which can range from purple to pink to white, and its broad, glossy leaves. It is easy to care for and works well in a wide range of garden settings.
Spathoglottis kimballiana: Often found in subtropical regions, this variety features deep, reddish-pink flowers and is known for its long-lasting blooms. It’s a great option for warmer climates.
Spathoglottis aurea (Golden Ground Orchid): As the name suggests, this variety produces yellow flowers, adding a splash of bright color to your garden. It’s particularly popular in tropical landscapes.
Spathoglottis bacillaris: This variety has pale purple flowers and is more tolerant of dry conditions than others. It’s perfect for gardeners in areas with lower rainfall or those looking to grow orchids with less frequent watering.

Each variety of ground orchid has its unique characteristics, but all share similar care needs, making them excellent choices for gardeners looking for a colorful, low-maintenance addition to their landscape.

Background and Origins

Ground orchids are native to a variety of tropical and subtropical regions across Asia, Africa, and the Americas, where they grow in moist, well-drained soils. Unlike epiphytic orchids that grow on trees, these are terrestrial, meaning they grow directly in the ground. This makes them much easier to grow for beginners, as they don’t require the specialized care that epiphytic orchids need, such as mounting or hanging.

Ground orchids are highly adaptable, which is why they can thrive in different environments, from tropical gardens to subtropical climates. They have been cultivated in gardens for centuries, and their ease of care and stunning flowers have made them favorites in both ornamental gardens and commercial landscapes. In many parts of the world, ground orchids are seen as symbols of beauty and strength, with their flowers being used in both religious ceremonies and decorative arrangements.

Over time, various cultivars and hybrids of ground orchids have been developed, enhancing their flower colors and patterns. Gardeners now have a variety of options when it comes to ground orchids, each offering its unique set of colors and growing habits.

How to Grow Ground Orchids from Seed

Growing from seed is an exciting challenge for dedicated gardeners. While it takes time and patience, successfully growing orchids from seed is incredibly rewarding. Here’s how to do it:

Prepare the Soil: Ground orchids prefer well-draining, loamy soil. Make sure the soil is rich in organic matter but does not retain too much moisture. Adding perlite or sand to your soil mix can help improve drainage.
Seed Sowing: Orchid seeds are tiny and do not have a food supply of their own, so they rely on the surrounding environment to provide nutrients. Sow the seeds on the surface of the soil and lightly press them in without covering them. Orchid seeds need light to germinate, so make sure they aren’t buried too deeply.
Humidity and Temperature: Ground orchids require a high level of humidity for seed germination, so place your seed tray in a humidity dome or cover it with plastic wrap. The ideal temperature for germination is around 70-80°F (21-27°C).
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, but not soggy. Mist the surface lightly with water to maintain humidity. It can take several weeks for the seeds to germinate, so be patient.
Transplanting: Once the seedlings have grown large enough to handle, transplant them into individual pots or directly into the garden. They should be well-established before planting them outdoors.

Growing ground orchids from seed takes time, but it can be a rewarding process, especially when you see the fruits of your labor in full bloom.

How to Grow Ground Orchids in Containers

Growing in containers is an excellent option for those who want to control the environment or have limited space. Here’s how to grow them in pots:

Choose the Right Pot: Select a pot that is at least 12 inches in diameter with drainage holes. Orchids do not like to sit in water, so proper drainage is essential.
Soil: Use a well-draining, organic-rich potting mix. You can purchase a pre-made orchid mix, or create your own by mixing equal parts potting soil, perlite, and bark.
Placement: Ground orchids require bright, indirect sunlight to thrive. Place the container in a location where it can receive morning or late afternoon sun but avoid harsh midday sun, which can scorch the leaves.
Watering: Water the plant thoroughly, allowing the water to drain out of the bottom of the pot. Ensure the soil is evenly moist but not waterlogged. Let the top inch of soil dry out before watering again.
Fertilizing: During the growing season (spring and summer), fertilize the orchids once a month with a balanced orchid fertilizer. Reduce fertilization in the winter when the plant is in its dormant phase.
Repotting: Repot your ground orchid every 1-2 years to refresh the soil and provide more space for the roots to grow. Make sure the new pot is only slightly larger than the current one.

With proper care, ground orchids in containers can thrive, adding beauty to any space, whether indoors or on a balcony.

Companion Plants

Orchids pair well with other plants that share similar growing conditions, such as moisture and indirect light. Some great companion plants include:

Ferns: Ferns thrive in similar conditions and help create a lush, tropical feel when planted alongside ground orchids.
Hostas: Known for their large, shade-tolerant leaves, hostas make excellent companions for ground orchids, as they also appreciate cool, moist environments.
Coleus: The vibrant colors of coleus plants pair beautifully with ground orchids, adding additional texture and color to the garden.
Impatiens: These shade-loving annuals provide a colorful contrast to the orchid’s foliage and flower display.

By pairing ground orchids with companion plants that share similar needs, you can create a harmonious, thriving garden.

Benefits

Ground orchids offer many benefits beyond their beauty. Here are a few key reasons to include them in your garden:

Aesthetic Appeal: Ground orchids are prized for their stunning flowers, which come in various colors and patterns. They can transform any garden into a visually striking space.
Low Maintenance: Once established, ground orchids require relatively low maintenance compared to other types of orchids. Their resilience makes them ideal for both beginners and experienced gardeners.
Air Purification: Like many other plants, ground orchids can help improve air quality by absorbing toxins and releasing oxygen. This makes them great for indoor environments.
Long-Lasting Blooms: Ground orchids have long-lasting flowers that can bloom multiple times a year with the right care, providing ongoing color and beauty to your garden or home.
Versatility: Whether you plant them in the ground, in containers, or as part of a mixed garden, ground orchids are versatile and can thrive in various settings.

Diseases and Pests

Though ground orchids are relatively low-maintenance, they can still be susceptible to a few pests and diseases. Here’s what to watch out for:

Fungal Infections: Overwatering or poor drainage can lead to fungal infections like root rot or leaf spot disease. To prevent this, make sure the soil drains well and avoid waterlogging the plant.
Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects can be found on the undersides of leaves, where they suck sap and damage the plant. They also produce sticky honeydew, which can attract ants. To control aphids, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or use a strong stream of water to dislodge them.
Mealybugs: These pests appear as white, cotton-like masses and can weaken the plant by feeding on its sap. Treat them with rubbing alcohol or insecticidal soap.
Scale Insects: These pests attach to stems and leaves, forming small, brown or white lumps. To remove them, scrape them off gently with a soft brush and treat the plant with insecticidal soap.
Snails and Slugs: These pests can cause significant damage to young plants by eating holes in the leaves. Use organic slug bait or set up traps to control their population.
Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease presents itself as a white, powdery substance on the leaves. Ensure your ground orchids have good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to reduce the risk of powdery mildew.

Pruning Ground Orchids

Pruning helps maintain their health and appearance. Here are a few key pruning tips:

Deadheading: Remove spent flowers regularly to encourage the plant to produce more blooms. Cut the flower spike down to its base once it has finished blooming.
Cutting Back: If the plant becomes too large or leggy, cut back the stems to maintain its shape. You can also trim off any yellowing or damaged leaves to improve air circulation.
Dividing: Every 2-3 years, divide your ground orchids to keep them healthy and promote new growth. This will also help prevent overcrowding in the garden or container.

Other Uses

The orchids have both ornamental and functional uses in the garden. Here are some creative ways to use them:

Landscaping: Ground orchids are ideal for creating vibrant garden beds or borders. They provide a beautiful contrast with other foliage plants and add color to your garden for months. They also make great additions to tropical or subtropical gardens, where their exotic blooms stand out.
Containers and Patios: You can grow ground orchids in containers, making them perfect for patios, balconies, or porches. A potted ground orchid adds a pop of color and a tropical flair to any space.
Cut Flowers: Ground orchids make excellent cut flowers, with their long-lasting blooms and elegant appearance. Use them in floral arrangements for home décor or special events.
Pollinator Gardens: The bright flowers of ground orchids attract bees and butterflies, helping to support pollinator populations in your garden.

Creative Uses

Ground orchids can also be used in unique ways to enhance your garden or home. Here are some creative ideas:

Orchid Pathways: Use ground orchids to line garden pathways. Their vibrant flowers create a visually stunning effect and guide visitors through the garden.
Tropical Garden Themes: Incorporate ground orchids into your tropical or exotic-themed garden. Pair them with other tropical plants like palms, ferns, and bird of paradise to create a lush, vibrant space.
Hanging Baskets: Though traditionally grown in the ground, ground orchids can also be placed in hanging baskets or mounted on posts for added visual interest.
Water Features: Ground orchids make an excellent choice for planting around water features, such as ponds or fountains. Their striking blooms reflect beautifully in the water, adding a touch of elegance to your water garden.

Conclusion

Ground orchids are a beautiful and resilient plant that can thrive in various environments, from tropical gardens to container setups. With their stunning flowers and easy care requirements, they make an excellent addition to any garden or home. Whether you’re growing them for their visual appeal, air-purifying benefits, or unique flower displays, ground orchids provide plenty of rewards for gardeners. By following the tips in this guide, you can ensure your ground orchids grow strong and continue to bloom year after year.

For more tips on nurturing your garden, check out our guides on how to grow jalapenos from seeds and best fertilizer for peppers to help your garden thrive.